HISTORIE - HISTORY



Oprindelse

Navnet Neergaard føres af flere, i hvert fald 3, danske slægter, hvoraf de to fortrinsvis har været tilknyttet landbruget. Den ældste og videst forgrenede af disse slægter har taget sit navn efter gården Nedergaard i Gredstrup sogn, Tyrsting herred og føres tilbage til en Mads (Andersen ?), der omkring midten af det 17. århundrede tog til Sjælland og blev forpagter af Svendstrup Gods, der senere blev en af slægtens hovedbesiddelser.

Af hans efterslægt blev hans sønnesøns sønnesønner, brødrene Jens Bruun Neergaard og Johan Thomas Neergaard ved resulotion af 31. maj 1780 optaget i den danske adelstand med motiveringen: 

" Fordi de ere formuende Folk, gode Agerdyrkere, og som kan ære den Stand, hvori de ved denne Deres Mait. Naade kommer".



Origin

The name Neergaard is used by several, at least 3, Danish families, two of whom have mainly been associated with agriculture. The oldest and most widely branched of these families has taken its name from the farm Nedergaard in Gredstrup parish, Tyrsting county and is traced back to a Mads (Andersen?), Who around the middle of the 17th century went to Zealand and became a tenant of Svendstrup Estate, which later became one of the main holdings of the family.

Of his descendants, his great-great-grandchildren, the brothers Jens Bruun Neergaard and Johan Thomas Neergaard, by result of 31 May 1780, were admitted to the Danish nobility with the motivation:

"Because they are wealthy people, good cultivators, and who can honor the condition in which they now by your Majesty's Grace is coming".




Våbenskjold " de Neergaard"
Coat of arms " de Neergaard"

Adelspatentet underskrevet af Kong Christian VII  
Nobel Patent signed by King Christian VII

Der tillagdes dem følgende våben: Tre gennem en guldkrone stukne naturligt farvede hvedeaks i blåt felt. På hjælmen over en af blåt og guld flættet vulst en guldkrone. Skjoldet er behængt på hver side med en lauerbærkrans.

Den ældre linjes danske gren fører familienavnet "Bruun de Neergaard" og en stor del af slægtens øvrige medlemmer fører navnet i formen "de Neergaard".


The following weapons were added to them: Three naturally colored wheat ears in a blue field cut through a gold crown. On the helmet over one of blue and gold braided bead a gold crown. The shield is hung on each side with a laurel wreath.

The Danish branch of the older line bears the family name "Bruun de Neergaard" and a large part of the family's other members bear the name in the form "de Neergaard".


Slægtsforeningen "Foreningen af den gunderslevholmske gren af slægten Neergaard" 

blev oprettet i 1908, omfatter efterkommerne af etatsråd Peter Johansen de Neergaard til Gunderslevholm (1769-1835) Link Peter Johansen i dennes to ægteskaber henholdsvis med: 

  1. Jacobine Vilhelmine Elisabeth Mourier (1778-1813) 
  2. Henriette Elisabeth Qvistgaard (1781-1859), født Schow

The family association "The association of the gunderslevholm branch of the family Neergaard"

was established in 1908, includes the descendants of State Councilor Peter Johansen de Neergaard to Gunderslevholm (1769-1835) in his two marriages respectively with:

  1. Jacobine Vilhelmine Elisabeth Mourier (1778-1813)
  2. Henriette Elisabeth Qvistgaard (1781-1859), born Schow


Etatsråd Peter Johansen de Neergaard

Etatsråd Peter Johansen de Neergaard

Elisabeth Jacobine Vilhelmine Mourier 

Anna Henriette Schow


Peter Johansen var den ældste søn efter Johan Thomas til Tølløse, Kjærup, Ringsted Kloster og Merløse, som blev adlet sammen med sin bror i 1780 (se ovenfor). Peter Johansen blev student i 1786 og cand. jur. i 1790. Senere blev han Justitsråd i 1803 og Etatsråd i 1819. 

Han overtog i 1793 Ringsted Kloster, Kjærup og Gilsager gårde for 100.000 Rdl., og fra 1796-96 ejede han også Merløse.  

Men i slutningen af 1700-tallet ønskede Carl Adolf von Plessen den yngre (1747-1810) at afhænde sine Syd-vestsjællandske godser. De var imidlertid af C. A. von Plessen den ældre (1678-1758) i 1757 blevet belagt med fideicommissariske bånd til fordel for familien von Plessen. Tilladelsen til afhændelsen blev ham dog i første omgang nægtet af hans familie. C.A. v. Plessen d.y. havde til at begynde med arvet Gunderslevholm og Castrup og senere også Førslev, Fuglebjerggaard og Fodbygaard, således at han fra 1783 i alt besad 5 af de oprindelige 7 »Plessiske godser«. Grunden til ønsket om salget skal søges i flere omstændigheder. C. A. von Plessen beskrives, under omtalen af Fodbygaard i herregårdsværket, som en meget human godsherre, men som bekendt var landboreformernes tid kommet og disse voldte ham ganske mange besværligheder. Udskiftningen af jordene og udflytningen af gårdene i landsbyerne må have kostet ret mange penge. Han følte sig overvældet af vanskelighederne og fik så endelig i 1802 tilladelse til at afhænde familiebesiddelsen. I 1803 fuldbyrdedes salget af samtlige 5 godser til Peter Johansen de Neergaard og købesummen blev berigtiget ved udstedelse af pantebreve på i alt 320.000 Rdl. Han overtog ved købet i alt ca. 2.000 tdr. hartkorn, ca. 20.000 tdr. land. Familien Neergaard flyttede til Gunderslevholm i 1804, og Peter Johansen solgte samme år Ringsted Kloster, Kjærup og Gilsager for 400.000 Rdl. = Rigsdaler. 


Peter Johansen was the eldest son after Johan Thomas to Tølløse, Kjærup, Ringsted Kloster and Merløse, who were knighted with his brother in 1780 (see above). Peter Johansen became a student in 1786 and cand. jur., in 1790. Later he became Justice Councilor in 1803 and State Councilor in 1819.

In 1793 he took over Ringsted Kloster, Kjærup and Gilsager farms for 100,000 Rdl., And from 1796-96 he also owned Merløse.

But at the end of the 18th century, Carl Adolf von Plessen the Younger (1747-1810) wanted to sell his South-West Zealand estates. They had, however, by C. A. von Plessen the Elder (1678-1758) in 1757 been coated with fideicommissar tapes in favor of the von Plessen family. However, he was initially denied permission to dispose of by his family. C.A. v. Plessen d.y. had initially inherited Gunderslevholm and Castrup and later also Førslev, Fuglebjerggaard and Fodbygaard, so that from 1783 he owned a total of 5 of the original 7 "Plessian estates". The reason for the desire for the sale must be sought in several circumstances. C. A. von Plessen is described, during the mention of Fodbygaard in the manor house, as a very humane landlord, but as is well known, the time of the agrarian reforms had come and these caused him quite a lot of difficulties. The replacement of the lands and the relocation of the farms in the villages must have cost quite a lot of money. He felt overwhelmed by the difficulties and was finally granted permission in 1802 to dispose of the family property. In 1803, the sale of all 5 estates to Peter Johansen de Neergaard was completed and the purchase price was corrected by issuing mortgage deeds totaling 320,000 Rdl. At the time of the purchase, he took over a total of approx. 2,000 tdr. Hartkorn, ca. 20,000 tdr. Land. The Neergaard family moved to Gunderslevholm in 1804, and Peter Johansen sold Ringsted Kloster, Kjærup and Gilsager the same year for 400,000 Rdl. (means Rigsdaler = old danish currency)



Gunderslevholm set fra gårdspladsen
seen from the courtyard

Set fra haven
seen from the garden

Avlsbygningerne
farm buildings


I øvrigt var Peter Johansen allerede i 1800 blevet ejer af Gyldenholm skovgods samt medejer af Gyldenholm hovedgård sammen med kammerherre Bülow, men Peter Johansens andel i hovegården ophørte ved købet af de øvrige ejendomme i 1803. Skovgodset bestod af Lorup skov, Flæskenborgvænget og Stubskoven m.m. samt 5 landsbyer i Kirkerup og Lynge sogne  I 1811 sker en væsentlig og vigtig udvidelse af jordegodset, nemlig købet af Nykobbel og Kalven skoven, der skulle blive den første begyndelse til det senere Charlottendal eller nu Valdemarskilde gods. Arealet er en kompakt skov på i alt ca. 1.000 tdr. land umiddelbart vest for Valdbygaard og Falkensten skov. 

Peter Johansen tog med iver fat i driften af sine nye ejendomme. Han skulle med tiden blive ejer af et betydeligt antal hovedgårde med tilhørende fæstegodser og han havde ved boopgørelsen i 1830 endnu rådighed over 6 hovedgårde, foruden de 2 (Gjerdrup og Lyngbygaard), som hans anden hustru ejede. Han blev ejer af bl.a. Vedbygaard og også Bjørnemose på Østfyn, hvor øen Thurø hørte med. Stamhusbesidder Juel-Brockdorff på Valdemar Slot prøvede på at købe Thurø, men Peter afslog og solgte den til øens bønder. Der står på øen en stele til minde om Peter Johansens salg af øen til bønderne i 1810. Denne stele blev i taknemmelighed over begivenheden opstillet i 1910. 

 I 1819 overtog Peter Johansen Fuglsang og Priorskov godser på Lolland som ufyldestgjort pantehaver efter Wallmoden for 295.000 Rdl. Det nævnes flere steder, at Peter Johansen havde rådighed over ca. 4.500 tdr. hartkorn og 8.000 tdr. skov i perioden 1818 til 1830, svarende til ca. 50 - 60.000 tdr. land eller 27 - 33.000 hektar. Med rette kunne han betegnes som storgodsejer ! 


By the way, Peter Johansen had already in 1800 become the owner of Gyldenholm forest estate and co-owner of Gyldenholm manor together with chamberlain Bülow, but Peter Johansen's share in the courtyard ceased with the purchase of the other properties in 1803. The forest estate consisted of Lorup forest, Flæskenborgvænget and Stubskoven m.m. as well as 5 villages in Kirkerup and Lynge parishes In 1811 there was a significant and important expansion of the estate, namely the purchase of Nykobbel and Kalven forest, which was to be the first beginning of the later Charlottendal or now Valdemarskilde estate. The area is a compact forest of a total of approx. 1,000 tdr. of land immediately west of Valdbygaard and Falkensten forest.

Peter Johansen eagerly took up the operation of his new properties. In time, he was to become the owner of a significant number of manors with associated holdings and he had at the time of the estate inventory in 1830 still availability over 6 manors, in addition to the 2 (Gjerdrup and Lyngbygaard), which his second wife owned. He became the owner of i.a. Vedbygaard and also Bjørnemose on East Funen, where the island of Thurø belonged. The owner Juel-Brockdorff at Valdemar Castle tried to buy Thurø, but Peter refused and sold it to the island's farmers. There is a stele on the island in memory of Peter Johansen's sale of the island to the farmers in 1810. This stele was erected in gratitude for the event in 1910.

 In 1819, Peter Johansen Fuglsang and Priorskov took over estates on Lolland as unfulfilled mortgagors after Wallmoden for 295,000 Rdl. It is mentioned in several places that Peter Johansen had at his disposal approx. 4,500 tdr of hart grain and 8,000 tdr of forest in the period 1818 to 1830, corresponding to approx. 50 - 60,000 acres of land or 27 - 33,000 hectares. He could rightly be described as a very large landowner!